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Volume 16, Issue 2, June 2026
Editorial note: Starting with this issue (Volume 16, Issue 2, June 2026), BEMAN has implemented standardized article-level editorial metadata (including Received, Revised, Accepted, and Published online dates) to ensure transparency and alignment with international scholarly publishing standards. Articles published prior to this date follow the metadata standards in place at the time of their publication.
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1. INDUSTRY 4.0, KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT, SUSTAINABLE PERFORMANCE: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF GREEN SUPPLY CHAIN COLLABORATION
Indah KURNIAWATY
Trisakti University, Jakarta
Indonesia
Wahyuningsih SANTOSA
Trisakti University, Jakarta
Indonesia
Willy ARAFAH
Trisakti University, Jakarta
Indonesia
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24818/beman/2026.16.2-01
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This study examines how Industry 4.0 (I4.0) and Knowledge Management (KM) influence Sustainable Performance (SP) through Green Supply Chain Collaboration (GSCC) in pharmaceutical manufacturing firms. A quantitative survey was conducted among managers of Good Manufacturing Practice certified pharmaceutical manufacturers in the Jabodetabek region of Indonesia. A total of 425 valid responses were analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling to test the direct and mediating relationships among I4.0, KM, GSCC, and SP. The results show that I4.0 significantly enhances both GSCC and SP, while KM positively influences GSCC but does not have a significant direct effect on SP. GSCC also positively affects SP and mediates the relationship between I4.0 and SP, although the direct effect of I4.0 on SP remains stronger than the mediated pathway. These findings indicate that digital capability plays a more dominant role than knowledge capability in driving sustainable performance in highly regulated pharmaceutical supply chains. For managers, the results highlight the importance of prioritizing digital capability development and strengthening collaborative supply chain mechanisms to achieve sustainability outcomes.
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2. DETERMINANTS OF REVISIT INTENTIONS IN FAST-FOOD RESTAURANTS: THE ROLE OF PERCEIVED CUSTOMER VALUE AND RESTAURANT LEGITIMACY
Clay Hutama BASERA
Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria
South Africa
Johan W. de JAGER
Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria
South Africa
Anton DROTSKY
Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria
South Africa
Pieter STEENKAMP
Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town
South Africa
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24818/beman/2026.16.2-02
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This study sought to determine the effects of customer perceived value and legitimacy on customer revisit intentions in the fast-food restaurant industry. The study was grounded in the institutional theory. The Partial Least Squares Structural Equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was applied to examine the relationships between customer perceived value, legitimacy (pragmatic and social) with revisit intention. Using data collected from 550 respondents, the results revealed that customer perceived value insignificantly affects fast-food restaurants' pragmatic legitimacy, while it wields significant positive effect on their social legitimacy. Both pragmatic and social legitimacy have significant positive effect on customers' intentions to revisit fast-food restaurants. Considering the weak effect of perceived value on pragmatic legitimacy, managers of fast-food restaurants are therefore implored to transform value into concrete customer benefits and actively build and communicate legitimacy through promoting ethical conduct, trust, consistency and engagement in socio-norm based actions that elicit repeat patronage. More so, they must clearly relay their marketing messages on how their products satisfy customer needs because customers need to feel and understand their value propositions better. Finally, the study widens the scope of hospitality literature by proffering an integrated framework that aligns institutional valuations with customer behavioural outcomes, thereby expanding the theoretical frontiers for a more insightful understanding of customer-organisation linkages in the fast-food service contexts.
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3. EVALUATING ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION IN EUROPEAN UNIVERSITIES: INSTITUTIONAL PRACTICES AND PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Daniel BADULESCU
University of Oradea, Oradea
Romania
Alina BADULESCU
University of Oradea, Oradea
Romania
George ABUSELIDZE
Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Batumi
Georgia
Gia ZOIDZE
Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Batumi
Georgia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24818/beman/2026.16.2-03
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Entrepreneurship education has become a strategic priority for higher education institutions (HEIs), responding to the growing demand for innovation, adaptability, and value creation among graduates. This paper investigates how 14 universities from 13 European countries evaluate the impact of their entrepreneurship education programs, aiming to identify effective practices and institutional strategies. To explore evaluation practices, our research employs a dual qualitative methodology - content analysis and thematic analysis - applied to institutional reports submitted through the HEInnovate initiative. Data collection focused on three core dimensions: evaluation methods, impact indicators, and educational outcomes. Specific attention was given to formative and summative assessments, student self-evaluation, peer feedback, and strategic tools aligned with institutional goals, also considering indicators such as entrepreneurial intention, competency development, startup creation, and integration into entrepreneurial ecosystems. Our findings reveal a diverse range of evaluation approaches, highlighting both informal feedback mechanisms and structured strategic frameworks. The study underscores the importance of extracurricular activities and stakeholder collaboration in reinforcing entrepreneurial behavior and practical skill acquisition. The research contributes to the theoretical understanding of entrepreneurship education and calls for coherent, standardized evaluation models, emphasizing that effective impact assessment is essential for improving program relevance, institutional accountability, and alignment with societal and economic needs.
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4. ASSESSING THE LINK BETWEEN COGNITIVE FLEXIBILITY AND ENTREPRENEURIAL BEHAVIOR AMONG SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISE OWNERS: EVIDENCE FROM KOGI STATE, NIGERIA
Dare Joseph ENIMOLA
Kogi State University, Kabba
Nigeria
Obiora Anthony OKECHI
University of Nigeria, Enugu
Nigeria
Akeem Tunde NAFIU
Prince Abubakar Audu University, Anyigba
Nigeria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24818/beman/2026.16.2-04
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This study aimed at cognitive flexibility on entrepreneurial behavior. The study assessed the effect of managing complex entrepreneurial situations on risk-taking behaviors of SME owners and examined how adopting new strategies to difficult entrepreneurial situations affects proactiveness of SME owners. This research utilized a descriptive design. The design enabled the researchers to produce quantitative data that may uncover patterns, connections, and trends among the target population, thereby offering insights into how CF influences specific entrepreneurial outcomes. The study’s target group comprised SME owners in Kogi State, Nigeria. A purposive sample technique was utilized to guarantee the inclusion of participants possessing the pertinent characteristics—specifically, individuals who own and manage SMEs. The snowball sampling approach was additionally employed to support purposive sampling. A total sample size of 210 SME owners was surveyed. Regression analyses were utilized to accomplish the aims. Finding showed that the ability to manage complex entrepreneurial situations significantly enhances the risk-taking behaviours of SME owners, and that the ability to adopt new strategies in difficult entrepreneurial circumstances significantly enhances the proactiveness of SME owners. The study concludes that cognitive flexibility is crucial for influencing entrepreneurial behaviours among small and medium-sized enterprise owners. It was recommended that SME owners undertake ongoing training and mentorship programs designed to enhance their capacity to navigate complicated entrepreneurial scenarios.
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5. THE MODERATING ROLE OF JOB SATISFACTION AND GENDER ON THE EFFECTS OF LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT ON SERVICE DELIVERY IN A MUNICIPALITY IN SOUTH AFRICA
Lungisani Webster HLOPHE
University of South Africa, Johannesburg
South Africa
Regis Misheal MUCHOWE
Zimbabwe Open University, Harare
Zimbabwe
Ashnee RAJLAL
Durban University of Technology, Durban
South Africa
Mailos MUMPANDE
Zimbabwe Open University, Harare
Zimbabwe
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24818/beman/2026.16.2-05
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This study examined the moderating role of job satisfaction and gender on the relationship between leadership development and service delivery in a municipality in South Africa. A quantitative research approach was adopted, and data were collected from participants using a structured questionnaire. From a target population of 797 employees, 260 respondents were considered into the sample using systematic sampling. Collected data were analysed using SPSS Version 31.0. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse demographic data, while regression analysis, chi-square tests, and the Andrew F. Hayes moderation test were used to test the hypotheses of the study. Findings from the study revealed that leadership development has a positive effect on service delivery, while job satisfaction, too, has a significant and stronger positive effect on service delivery. Also, leadership development was found to have a significant impact on job satisfaction, which suggests that opportunities for leadership growth and professional development leads to higher levels of employee satisfaction. The moderation analysis further confirmed that job satisfaction reinforces the relationship between leadership development and service delivery, hence suggesting that leadership development initiatives are more effective when employees experience higher levels of job satisfaction. However, the results revealed that gender has no significant effect on service delivery, leadership development, or job satisfaction, and does not moderate the relationship between leadership development and service delivery. The study concludes that leadership development and job satisfaction are key factors which drive improved municipal service delivery. The study recommends that municipal managers should invest in leadership development programmes while creating supportive workplace environments that enhance employee job satisfaction to achieve better service delivery.
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6. BEYOND THE GROCERY STORE: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF FOOD SUBSCRIPTION BUSINESS MODELS
Alexandru-Cătălin VLAD
Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest
Romania
Alexandru-Mihai PÎRVU
Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest
Romania
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24818/beman/2026.16.2-06
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The subscription based business model has significantly expanded beyond digital services, deeply penetrating the e-grocery and food delivery sectors. While these ecosystems offer substantial financial predictability and operational efficiency, emerging threats such as subscription fatigue threaten long-term customer retention. This study investigates the tipping point between perceived consumer value and cognitive overload within food subscription ecosystems, emphasizing the distinction between authentic loyalty and artificial retention. Employing a bibliometric approach, the research analyses 977 documents extracted from the Web of Science database up to 2025. Data analysis was performed utilizing the Biblioshiny and RStudio softwares, which revealed a life-cycle saturation of academic interest, largely propelled by the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings indicate a possible shift in the literature, moving from operational logistics toward consumer psychology, sustainability, and public health. Ultimately, the study concludes that sustainable food subscription models must transcend rigid contracts, leveraging indirect benefits and convenience to cultivate voluntary loyalty and minimize the financial burden perceived by consumers.
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7. THE IMPACT OF AI-DRIVEN PERSONALIZATION AND SOCIAL INFLUENCE ON CUSTOMER ENGAGEMENT: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF FOMO IN DIGITAL CAMPAIGNS
Divia WAHDANIYAH
Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya
Indonesia
Nindria UNTARINI
Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Surabaya
Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24818/beman/2026.16.2-07
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This study aims to examine the impact of AI-driven personalization and social influence on customer engagement, with fear of missing out (FOMO) as a mediating factor in digital marketing campaigns. The research is motivated by the growing importance of personalized technologies and social dynamics in shaping user engagement within digital platforms. A quantitative approach was employed using survey data collected from 220 active Spotify users in Indonesia who are familiar with the Spotify Wrapped campaign. The data were analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that AI-driven personalization and social influence have a positive and significant effect on customer engagement. Social influence also significantly increases FOMO, while AI-driven personalization shows a negative relationship with FOMO. However, FOMO does not significantly influence customer engagement and fails to mediate the relationship between the independent variables and customer engagement. These results suggest that customer engagement is primarily driven by personalized experiences and social interactions rather than psychological pressure such as FOMO. This study contributes to the digital marketing literature by challenging the commonly assumed mediating role of FOMO and highlighting the dominant role of AI personalization and social influence in enhancing customer engagement.
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